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1. Fair-weather clouds with broad horizontal bases, producing no precipitation and rarely covering more than one-half of the sky. 4. The luminous, radiant emission from the upper atmosphere over middle and high latitudes, and centred around the earth's magnetic poles. These silent fireworks are often seen on clear winter nights in a variety of shapes and colours. Also referred to as the Northern Lights. 7. As the surface of the earth cools at night, warm moist air near the ground is chilled and water vapour in the air condenses into droplets on the grass and other objects. 8. These occur when a mountain range is exposed to a strong prevailing crosswind. Moist air is forced up the mountains bringing both cloud and precipitation to the windward side. The descending air then becomes warmer and drier as it is forced down the leeward side of the mountains. 9. An undulating band of strong high-altitude winds which may occasionally exceed 400 km/h. In Canada, these travel mostly from west to east and may extend over hundreds of kilometers. It has an altitude of about 9,000 m. Pilots flying at high altitudes often search out these to speed along eastbound flights. 10. A strong, sudden wind which generally lasts a few minutes then quickly decreases in speed. 11. This appears as a violent funnel-shaped wind vortex in the lower atmosphere with upward spiralling winds of high speeds - spawned by severe thunderstorms. They usually appear from a bulge in the base of a cumulonimbus cloud. It has a typical width of tens to hundreds of meters and a lifespan of minutes to hours. In area, it is one of the least extensive of all storms, but in violence, it is the world's most severe. More of these occur in the United States than in any other country. In Canada, when they do occur, it is mainly in the prairies and southern Ontario. 12. The combined cooling effect of wind and temperature is called _______.

1. High, white patches of cloud composed of ice crystals, found at altitudes of 6,000 m or higher. Fine and delicate in appearance, their shape and texture are often described as looking like mares' tails. In forecasts they are referred to as high cloud. 2. Precipitation in the form of lumps of ice, mainly associated with thunderstorms. 3. Snow lifted from the earth's surface by the wind to a height of 2 m or more. 5. These occur when sunlight is refracted and then reflected by raindrops. 6. A severe winter storm lasting four or more hours. It is characterized by low temperatures, strong winds and poor visibility due to blowing snow. These are most common on the prairies of Canada and the United States. 8. The physical process by which vapour becomes liquid or solid; the opposite of evaporation.