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What
is Structured Controversy?
Using
structured controversy in the classroom can take many forms. In
its most typical form, you select a specific problem. The closer
the problem is to multiple issues central to the course the better.
This strategy involves providing students with a limited amount
of background information and asking them to construct an argument
based on this information. This they do by working in groups.
What
is its purpose?
- to
help students gain deep understanding of all positions related
to a controversial topic or issue
- purposeful
use of controversy
- requires
reasoned judgment, not mere factual knowledge
- student
groups argue for and against an issue, then reach a consensus
that is supported by evidence
How
can I do it?
- Choose
a discussion topic that has at least two well documented positions.
- Prepare
materials:
- Clear
expectations for the group task.
- Define
the positions to be advocated with a summary of the key arguments
supporting the positions.
- Provide
reference materials including a bibliography that support
and elaborate the arguments for the positions to be advocated.
- Structure
the controversy:
- Assign
students to groups of four.
- Divide
each group into dyads who are assigned opposing positions
on the topic.
- Require
each group to reach consensus on the issue and turn in a group
report on which all members will be evaluated.
- Conduct
the controversy:
- Plan
positions.
- Present
positions.
- Argue
the issue.
- Reverse
positions and argue the issue from those perspectives.
- Reach
a decision.
Details
- To
avoid problems, clearly communicate to the students the debate
rules that will guide the interaction.
- Be
critical of ideas, not people.
- Focus
on the best decision, not on "winning."
-
Encourage everyone's position, even if you do not agree.
- Use
paraphrasing when you are not clear about what someone said.
- Try
to understand both sides of the issue.
How
can I adapt it?
-
Can be used as an alternative to a traditional debate.
- Allow
students opportunities to have input into topic selection, defining
the positions and providing materials.
Teacher
Resources
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